



Despite the rules and the use of case-law precedence, individual cases have to be treated on their merits. However much I might rail against bad behaviour by the modern press, I appreciate that editors must be allowed to exercise freedom. That may seem to outsiders, especially lawyers, to be an outrageous licence, but how can it be otherwise? Will McClatchey for his teachings, guidance, and amazing amount of support.Self-regulation was designed to allow editors a right granted to no other institution: a right to be wrong.

Gerry Carr, and especially to my chair Dr. Kim Bridges for advice in statistical analysis. Alan Teramura for the opportunity to conduct research on the grounds of the Lyon Arboretum. To Hö`ala Fraiola and Nämaka`ekoluika`ena`ena Whitehead for their help in collecting data. To Jerry Konanui, Ed Johnston, Jonathan Yee, and Jim Henderson who have been instrumental in collecting the old Hawaiian varieties of `Awa. To June Gutmanis whose research has been an invaluable resource and to her family who allowed me access into her private archives. I would also like to give my mahalo to the many küpuna who have been so gracious as to share with me the stories of their lives and their families: Lilia Wahinemaika`i Hale, Lani Kealoha, Wilfred Kalä, Joseph “Blondie” Kaina, Ebon Kalä`au, and Janet Kaohi Kahalekomo and all the küpuna who had the wisdom and foresight to record their traditions and customs for the enlightenment of our generation and those beyond. In particular I would like to extend my aloha and mahalo to my wife Makani, my daughter Kalä, and my mother for their love and undying support to Kamaui Aiona, who has been a friend and a guiding force in the development of my methods for intracultural research to Kamana Beamer and Laua`e Murphy who provided me housing while researching in Hilo to my Kumu hula John Ka`imikaua, my Kumu lä`au lapa`au Levon `Ohai, and Kaleikoa Ka`eo for all they have taught me and especially to Kupuna Eddie Kaanaana, who has been a guiding light and an inspiration. Additionally, this research was made possible with the tremendous amount of aloha, support, and guidance of from Ke Akua, my `ohana, friends, kumu, and küpuna. We certify that we have read this thesis and that, in our opinion, it is satisfactory in scope and quality as a thesis for the degree of Master of Science in Botany.ĪCKNOWLEDGEMENTS The research for this thesis was made possible through the funding of the University of Hawai`i, Beatrice Krauss Ethnobotany Scholarship Fund, and the support of the Harold L. Thesis Committee: Will McClatchey, Chairperson Isabella Aiona Abbott Gerald Carr HAWAIIAN `AWA Piper methysticum A STUDY IN ETHNOBOTANYĪ THESIS SUBMITTED TO THE GRADUATE DIVISION OF THE UNIVERSITY OF HAWAI`I IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF
